AJAX progress indicator
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  • a

  • Depreciation for wear and tear (AfA) or amortization is a term used in tax law. Depreciation relates to the acquisition and production costs of depreciable fixed assets spread over the normal useful life of the asset. This ensures that acquisition goods exceeding a certain value are not(...) weiterlesen
  • In the hotel industry, the term A&G (Administration & General) is used in connection with management and administrative tasks. weiterlesen
  • Adjusted gross operating profit is a measure that represents a company's adjusted operating profit after taking into account management and franchise fees.
  • Allotment is a contingent or contract between a hotelier and a contractual partner, such as travel agencies, tour operators (OTA`s). A hotelier agrees to make a certain number of rooms available at an agreed price over a fixed period of time. The contract partner resells his room contingent(...) weiterlesen
  • The key figure ALOS stands for Average Length of Stay and expresses the average length of stay of guests at the hotel.

  • b

  • The abbreviation B2B (Business to Business) denotes relationships or business from company to company. Private hotel guests are not included in this category.
  • B2C (Business to Customer) describes the relationship between companies and customers.
  • The BAR (= best available rate) is the best possible room rate available at the time of booking and can change dynamically depending on demand. It is a very flexible rate.
  • BOB (= Business on Books) or "On the Books" is a key figure that describes the current booking status in the PMS system (Property Management System) and is used, among other things, for forecasts.
  • The "bottom line" in the hotel industry refers to the net profit of a hotel after deducting all expenses and costs. It represents the actual profit that the hotel makes after all operating costs, interest, taxes, depreciation, etc. have been taken into account.

  • c

  • The cap rate or capitalization rate describes the ratio of net income to the current market price (= value) of a property. The cap rate is often used by investors to evaluate the return on an investment in a hotel.
  • CapEx (= Capital Expenditure), an important internal indicator, expresses a company's capital expenditure on long-term assets such as real estate, machinery, buildings, equipment or IT systems. Capital expenditures also increase the asset side of the balance sheet and can be used to assess(...) weiterlesen
  • The term ´carbon footprint´ refers to the total greenhouse gas emissions measured in CO2 equivalents for a specific entity such as a company, the life cycle or part of the life cycle of a product or service. Reducing the carbon footprint can be achieved through measures such as the use of(...) weiterlesen
  • Carbon offsetting is a mechanism whereby a company or individual offsets by purchasing carbon credits or financing projects that reduce or avoid CO2 emissions. This process is part of carbon neutrality and carbon footprint reduction strategies. It is intended to help reduce the net CO2(...) weiterlesen
  • A competitive intensity is the strength of competition in a certain predefined hotel market. The higher the intensity, the stronger the competitive pressure due to competitors.
  • COS (= Cost of Sale) summarizes all costs incurred in a hotel business for a booking. The costs can arise, for example, from GDS-distribution fees (= a global distribution system), commissions, etc.
  • CPA (= cost per acquisition) refers to the average costs incurred to acquire a new customer. CPA helps marketing teams better assess, understand, and draw conclusions about the effectiveness of their spend.
  • The CPI (= consumer price index) reflects the current changes in prices in the hotel industry. Thus, it serves as an indicator to measure the price changes for accommodation and restaurant services in a specific region or country.
  • CRO (= Central Reservation Office) is a reservation center. The central office is operated mainly by international hotel chains, furthermore, from this central contact point, all reservations are coordinated and bundled.
  • CSR or Corporate Social Responsibility is the independent responsibility of companies to include social and ecological aspects in their business activities on a voluntary basis and to comply with ethical standards. In the hotel industry, for example, this means taking into account(...) weiterlesen
  • ´Carbon Value at Risk´ (CVaR) refers to the potential financial burden that can result for a company from taking climate risks into account. It is a metric that quantifies the loss of value due to CO2 emission risks in different scenarios, and thus assesses the risk to the company that may(...) weiterlesen

  • d

  • The DCF method is used to determine the value of a company. It is based on the assumption that the value of a company depends mainly on the expected future cash flows or results from discounting the cash flows (= future cash flows are discounted to their present value).
  • Distressed properties are properties that are in distress due to financial difficulties. This may be due to the owner's payment difficulties, insolvency, or other financial problems. Distressed properties are often offered at a reduced price because they may be in need of repair or maintenance.
  • Due diligence in the hotel sector is an examination prior to a transaction or purchase decision of a property, which provides the buyer with information about strengths, weaknesses and risks of the hotel. It is an important tool for an informed decision before the purchase and serves as a(...) weiterlesen

  • e

  • E-commerce refers to electronic commerce, which is often also referred to as a virtual or electronic marketplace. The focus here is not exclusively on sales via the internet, but encompasses all online-based hotel activities.
  • The capitalized earnings value is a concept that represents the value of an investment at a future point in time. It enables investors to estimate how profitable an investment is and what risk is associated with it.
  • An EMA refers to a booking that is made electronically by means of an e-mail.
  • This key figure measures the employee turnover of a company. It is about the employees who leave or join the hotel within an observation period. The fluctuation can also refer within the company between individual departments.
  • The term ESG (Environment, Social, Governance) refers to non-financial factors such as environmental, social and good corporate governance, which should be taken into account in the investment process in the future.
  • The term ESG (Environment, Social, Governance) refers to non-financial factors such as environmental, social and good corporate governance, which should be taken into account in the investment process in the future.
  • Ethical investing is an investment strategy that focuses not only on financial returns but also on ethical, moral or social aspects. The aim is to make investments that have a positive impact on society and the environment.
  • Regulation (EU) 2020/852, which was adopted by the European Parliament and Council, aims to establish a framework to promote sustainable investments and to amend Regulation 2019/2088. The EU taxonomy represents a classification system that contains a list of environmentally sustainable(...) weiterlesen
  • The exit yield is used to assess the expected return on an investment, particularly with regard to the timing of the exit or sale of the investment. It indicates how much profit an investor can expect in relation to the debt capital invested.

  • f

  • The term stands for Food & Beverage. The F&B area is one of the largest departments in the hotel, along with the front office, housekeeping, etc. weiterlesen
  • This term expresses the time value that a full time equivalent worker provides. At the same time, the key figure is of great importance for personnel recruiting and provides an important basis for further analyses.
  • Full occupancy days are a key figure that determines the number of days when all the hotel's rooms are fully occupied (= 100%). Furthermore, a distinction can be made between bed full occupancy days and room full occupancy days.
  • FY (=Full Year) refers to the full fiscal year.
  • A merger in the hotel sector refers to the merger of at least two legally independent hotels into one economic and legal entity. Each merger in the hotel sector is individually designed by the companies involved, which means that the exact conditions and effects vary from case to case.
  • FAR stands for floor area ratio and indicates how much usable floor area of a building may be erected on a specific plot of land. The index thus determines the maximum structural utilization of a plot of land and indicates the ratio of building area to plot area.

  • g

  • GOPPAR (= Gross Operating Profit per Available Room) refers to gross operating profit per available room. It is an important KPI used for revenue management.
  • This includes hotel guests with a negotiated group rate.

  • h

  • Headcount refers to the number of employees in the hotel or, for example, in a particular area.

  • i

  • The management of a hotel business is handed over by the owner to the interim manager (e.g. external company) for a certain period of time. Interim managers make decisions regarding personnel planning, budget planning and control, and revenue generation, among other things.

  • j

  • A joint venture in the hotel industry is a collaboration between two or more companies to jointly develop and operate a hotel project, for example. Each participating company contributes its expertise, own resources and capital to successfully realize the hotel project. Joint ventures can be(...) weiterlesen

  • k

  • This involves the acquisition of new customers with whom no business relationship previously existed and whom one does not know personally. It involves making contact with the aim of convincing these potential customers of the products/services and establishing a business relationship.(...) weiterlesen
  • This is an upfront financial payment made by a franchisor or operator to an owner or lessor to enter into a franchise or management agreement.

  • l

  • A Letter of Intent (LOI) is a contract signed by two or more parties expressing their interest in entering contract negotiations or concluding a contract. It can be regarded as a kind of preliminary contract documenting the declarations of intent of the parties involved.
  • Loyalty programs aim to strengthen guests' loyalty to the accommodation provider and to encourage them to make bookings or become regular guests. Such programs are particularly widespread in the international hotel industry. Guests collect points with each stay, which they can then redeem for(...) weiterlesen

  • m

  • In a management contract, the hotel owner commissions an operator to manage a specific property on his behalf. In return, the operator (e.g. hotel chains) receives a fixed or performance-based management fee. However, the responsibility and economic risk remain on the side of the owner.
  • Mezzanine capital is a form of financing consisting of a mixture of equity and debt and represents a balance sheet-friendly form of capital procurement.
  • The abbreviation MTD (= Month to Date) refers to the period from the beginning of the month to the current time.
  • A mystery check or also called mystery guesting is a method to evaluate the service quality, standards and various procedures of a hotel business from the perspective of an expert or hotel guest. An anonymous hotel tester is used who visits the establishment without prior notice and evaluates(...) weiterlesen

  • n

  • This includes aspects relating to environmental, social and employee concerns, respect for human rights and the fight against corruption and bribery. Governance refers to aspects of good corporate management.
  • These are environmental, social, or governance events or conditions that, if they occur, may have an actual or potential significant negative impact on the value of an investment.
  • The net initial yield in the hotel industry allows investors to analyze the profitability of a hotel property and compare different investment opportunities. It is, in simplified terms, the ratio of net rental income to the total purchase price of the property.
  • Net floor area (NFA) is the sum of all usable space in a building and is a component of the area that can be used for commercial purposes.
  • Net operating income (NOI) in the hotel industry is a significant financial indicator for measuring the profitability and performance of a hotel. It represents the net operating income and is calculated by deducting operating costs from the hotel's gross revenues.

  • o

  • The Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, established by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), provide a framework for action by international companies seeking to ensure responsible corporate governance.
  • Regulation (EU) 2019/2088 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 November 2019 on sustainability-related disclosure requirements in the financial services sector.
  • ODD (= Online Distribution Data), the database from the provider Pegasus for online distribution, bundles the prices incl. availabilities from the majority of hotel CRS (= Central Reservation Systems), through which e.g. OTA or IDS pull their hotel content.
  • OpEx (=Operational Expenditures), are ongoing operating costs or expenses that serve the daily operational business in the hotel. Costs here are, for example, salaries, insurance, administrative costs, energy and water consumption, etc.
  • "Outsourcing" is a corporate strategy in which certain services or tasks are outsourced by a company to external service providers rather than being performed by the company itself. This subsequently reduces certain costs in various areas.
  • Overbooking is the sale of rooms in excess of the available room capacity. Here, hoteliers try to generate an occupancy as full as possible due to cancellations or no-shows.

  • p

  • A lease is an agreement between an owner and an operator whereby the operator pays a monthly rent to the owner for the use of the property including FF&E (= facilities). The operator has full responsibility for operations while the owner retains certain control rights. Leases are considered a(...) weiterlesen
  • Payroll is an umbrella term for the monthly payroll. This is the source of all payments made to employees in a company.
  • The hotel pick-up refers to the daily recording of the current booking status compared to the previous day for the current year. It provides an overview of future booking trends and helps identify booking patterns and optimization opportunities. Together with RevPAR, occupancy and ADR, the(...) weiterlesen
  • P&L, also known as Profit & Loss Statement, corresponds to the German P&L and is used to determine the financial performance or profitability of the company. A P&L is often prepared on an annual basis and provides an important basis for further analysis and corporate decisions. The most(...) weiterlesen
  • POM (= Production and Operations Management) is a central component of operational and corporate management. In the hotel industry, it is aboperout the operational design and management of a hotel business.
  • The POR (Profitability-Operational Ratio) per occupied room is used as a measure to assess the profitability of a hotel in terms of the number of occupied rooms.
  • PAIS or PAI indicators denote the priority adverse impacts of investment decisions on sustainability factors, including environmental, social and labor concerns, human rights issues, and corruption and bribery practices.
  • A profit center is a delimited area within the hotel for which a separate profit is determined for a specific period.

  • r

  • The term "renewable energy source" refers to energy sources that do not rely on fossil fuels and are fed by renewable sources. In particular, these include wind, solar (solar thermal and photovoltaic), geothermal, ambient, tidal, wave, and other ocean energy sources, hydropower, and energy(...) weiterlesen
  • A Replacement Reserve refers to the amount "set aside" for future maintenance and replacement of worn building components or equipment in a commercial property. This amount is used as a reserve to ensure that sufficient funds are available to make the necessary repairs and replacements.
  • In the hotel industry, reporting refers to the creation and analysis of reports based on data and key performance indicators. The purpose of reporting is to provide hotels with a basis for decision-making in order to optimize their operations and increase profitability. Modern reporting tools(...) weiterlesen
  • The RevPAR index (= Revenue per Available Room) serves as an indicator of the hotel's own performance. This key figure expresses the revenue per available room in comparison to the competitors existing on the market. It is important to note that the RevPAR index is influenced not only by room(...) weiterlesen
  • RICS a leading global professional organization in real estate, construction and infrastructure. As a member of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (MRICS), compliance with RICS valuation and valuation standards is mandatory for professionals. Through these standards, international(...) weiterlesen
  • Repair & Maintenance activities are summarized under this term. weiterlesen
  • A roll-out-strategy in the hotel industry refers to the targeted introduction of new processes, technologies or concepts in various hotels or hotel chains. This strategic approach enables efficient and coordinated implementation of changes with the aim of optimizing operations.

  • s

  • The Scope 1, 2 and 3 categories are used to delimit and classify greenhouse gas emissions, specifically CO2 emissions. Scope 1 includes direct CO2 emissions from sources controlled by the issuing company, such as emissions from combustion processes. In contrast, Scope 2 emissions refer to(...) weiterlesen
  • The goal of SEO (= Search Engine Optimization) is to place the hotel website in the top positions of the search results in search engines like Google. For this purpose, various measures must be taken to optimize the website so that it complies with the algorithms of the search engines.(...) weiterlesen
  • Source codes are linked to an accompanying booking to determine from which source this booking originates. Useful source codes are for example: private, company, group, seminar, walk-in, etc. The purpose of linking source codes to a reservation in the hotel industry is to create statistical(...) weiterlesen
  • STLY (= Same Time Last Year) means that key figures or data at a specific point in time in the current year are compared with those at the same point in time in the previous year. This method helps to analyze developments and trends compared to the previous year.
  • Founded in 1985, STR provides key market insights for hospitality companies. Some of their services are: Data benchmarking, various analytics and reports; CompSet analysis, etc.
  • Stranded assets are assets that become worthless or unexpectedly lose value. Devaluation can be caused by a variety of factors, including regulatory, economic or market changes, technological substitution, price and demand, supply-side factors or cost structures. To limit global warming, much(...) weiterlesen
  • A SWOT analysis examines the strengths and weaknesses (= internal factors) of a company or hotel, as well as the opportunities and threats (= external factors). The SWOT analysis is a systematic method for gathering information that can help in the strategic planning of a company. By looking(...) weiterlesen

  • t

  • TGA refers to the technical building equipment. The technical building equipment includes all technical facilities of a building that contribute to the functional use of the property.
  • The "top line" refers to a company's total revenue or sales before expenses and costs are deducted.
  • The transaction volume in the hotel industry refers to the total value of all real estate transactions that take place in the hotel sector within a given period. It comprises the financial value of all purchase and sale transactions involving hotels or hotel-related real estate.
  • Transient Guests are hotel guests without a pre-negotiated room rate. They do not belong to any particular company. They can be sold the BAR (=Best Available Rate).
  • The CO2 efficiency of a portfolio, determined by measuring the amount of CO2 equivalents per company turnover (in million euros) invested in (tons of CO2/million euros).

  • u

  • The ten principles of the United Nations Global Compact represent an initiative launched by the United Nations to promote change processes in the areas of human rights, labor standards, the environment, and corruption prevention. These principles are closely linked to the Sustainable(...) weiterlesen

  • v

  • Investment approach that considers ESG opportunities and risks and uses proxy engagement and voting to generate sustainable, long-term financial returns.
  • VOICE are bookings made by phone or directly at the front office.

  • w

  • "Walk In" in the hotel industry refers to guests who come to the hotel without a prior reservation and wish to occupy a room at short notice. This type of guest is usually more common in city hotels.
  • A white label operator is a company that offers hotel services in the name of another company, using the branding of the partner. The advantage is that an individually managed operation gains access to central reservation, sales and customer loyalty programs of an international hotel chain,(...) weiterlesen

  • y

  • The abbreviation YTD (= Year to Date) refers to the period from the beginning of the current year to the present date.
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